I am currently reading the book Statistics Done Wrong: The Woefully Complete Guide by Alex Reinhart (No Starch Press, 2015). It contains a passage that goes like this:
A 2002 study found that an overwhelming majority of statistics students—and instructors—failed a simple quiz about p values. Try the quiz (slightly adapted for this book) for yourself to see how well you understand what p really means.
Suppose you’re testing two medications, Fixitol and Solvix.